The experiment satellite aims to test new navigation and timing technologies that could shape the future of global GPS services.
Cape Canaveral, FL, 6 November 2025 – The U.S. Space Force, in partnership with United Launch Alliance, has successfully launched an experimental satellite called NTS-3 (National Technology Satellite-3). The spacecraft lifted off from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida and marks the first national security mission for ULA’s new Vulcan rocket.
Built by L3Harris and developed under the Air Force Research Laboratory and Space Systems Command, NTS-3 is designed to test new ways to improve global positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services. These technologies could eventually be integrated into future GPS satellites, ensuring the system remains reliable and advanced for military and civilian users.
The last major experiment of this kind took place over 45 years ago, in 1977, paving the way for today’s modern GPS. Engineers involved in the new mission say this launch is long overdue and will help drive the next evolution of navigation technology.
A Platform for Innovation in Orbit
NTS-3 was originally scheduled to launch in 2022, but delays in preparing the Vulcan rocket pushed the mission back. While the timeline shifted, the extra time allowed engineers to add new signals and conduct extended testing, making the spacecraft even more capable.
Now in orbit, NTS-3 will carry out over 100 experiments, including:
- Broadcasting multiple GPS signals at once
- Testing anti-spoofing features to prevent signal interference
- Exploring autonomous operations
- Experimenting with advanced timing systems
Some tests will take place in controlled labs, while others will simulate real-world battlefield conditions.
Shaping the Future of GPS Satellites
The results from NTS-3 could influence the design of future satellites, including the GPS IIIF series currently being built by Lockheed Martin. While that production line is already underway, there is still potential to integrate some of NTS-3 successful upgrades.
Meanwhile, the Space Force is exploring new ways to boost resilience across the GPS network, including the use of smaller, low-cost satellites that can complement the main constellation. Technologies proven by NTS-3 could play an important part in that strategy.
The program is also being closely studied by the Space Development Agency and the Space Warfighting Analysis Center, reflecting its wider importance for future military space planning.
